Oleh
Rosafiqah, Nor Afifah, Nur Ajrun, Azni Hazriza, Ting Ting
Perang dagang telah berlaku di antara dua buah negara kuasa besar iaitu Amerika Syarikat dan China. Perang dagang yang berlaku ini telah menyebabkan ketegangan dalam pasaran ekonomi dunia. Perang dagang ini tercetus apabila pihak Amerika Syarikat menaikkan harga tariff sebanyak 25 peratus ke atas $34 billion barangan eksport China. Hal ini menyebabkan China juga mencetuskan serang balas dengan mengenakan tarif ke atas nilai yang sama kepada barang eksport Amerika Syarikat. Selain itu, dalam pengucapan G20 Trump-Xi, yang bertujuan untuk memberi peluang kepada Beijing memikirkan semua matlamat ekonomi mereka dan meningkatkan kepercayaan terhadap kepimpinan kedua-dua negara. Oleh itu, pertemuan di antara dua Perdana Menteri ini memberi peluang dalam mencari jalan penyelesaian bagi pemusuhan perdagangan Amerika Syarikat dan China. China berminat untuk menamatkan perang dagang ini sebelum tercetusnya perang dagang yang baru. Tetapi beliau tidak mengambil kira kesan secara menyeluruh ke atas hubungan dengan kuasa luar dalam pasaran ekonomi. Seterusnya, tinjauan yang dijalankan oleh Pictel Asset Management (PCM) ke atas 45 negara menunjukkan Malaysia adalah antara enam negara paling berisiko, sekiranya berlaku perang dagang ini. Dianggarkan 60 peratus eksport Malaysia bergantung kepada rantaian bekalan, sementara 48 peratus dieksport ke China dan 40 peratus ke Amerika Syarikat. Kesan positif yang diperoleh Malaysia daripada perang dagang ini adalah peningkatan bilangan pelabur asing ke dalam negara dan juga boleh memanfaatkan Malaysia dalam jangka masa pendek. Antara manfaat lain yang Malaysia peroleh adalah pengeksportan produk pengantara. Amerika Syarikat boleh mendapatkan komponen elektronik dan elektrik secara langsung daripada Malaysia dan bukan mendapatkan produk ini melalui China. Pada masa yang sama Malaysia juga mengeksport komponen elektronik kepada China yang digunakan dalam penghasilan produk seperti telefon bimbit dan komputer. Pertembungan dua buah negara ini membuka ruang kepada Malaysia untuk merancakkan aktiviti eksport negara. Pengeksport tempatan di sarankan untuk mengambil peluang dalam penggunaan e-dagang bagi memasarkan produk ke China. Di samping itu, perang dagang ini juga memberi impak negatif kerana banyak kegiatan ekonomi dan syarikat di luar Amerika Syarikat dan China boleh terjejas disebabkan rantaian bekalan dan pendapatan mereka saling berkait. Sekali gus, terdedah kepada risiko ketidakstabilan kadar pertumbuhan ekonomi global. Pada 15 November 2018 telah berlangsung Sidang Puncak Asean Campur Tiga (ASEAN+3) ke-33 yang membawa signifikan kerjasama antara kumpulan serantau itu dengan tiga gergasi ekonomi Asia iaitu China, Jepun dan Korea Selatan. Oleh itu, Malaysia perlu menumpukan langkah ini kerana ia mempunyai potensi untuk mengurangkan bahagian dagangan antara Malaysia dengan Amerika Syarikat.
English
Trade war has taken place between two major powers of the United States and China. This trade war has caused tensions in the world economy market. This trade war broke out when the United States raised the tariff price of 25 percent over $ 34 billion of Chinese exports. This has led China to spark counter attacks by imposing tariffs on the same value to US exports. Additionally, in the G20 Trump-Xi pronunciation, which aims to give Beijing the opportunity to think of all their economic goals and to increase their trust in the leadership of both countries. Thus, the encounter between these two Prime Ministers provides an opportunity to find solutions to trade hostilities between the United States and China. China is keen to end this trade war before the start of a new trading war. But he did not take full account of the relationship with external forces in the economic market. Furthermore, a survey conducted by Pictel Asset Management (PCM) on 45 countries shows Malaysia is among the six most risky countries, in the event of a trade war. It is estimated that 60 per cent of Malaysia's exports depend on the supply chain, while 48 per cent are exported to China and 40 per cent to the United States. The positive impact Malaysia has gained from this trade war is the increase in the number of foreign investors into the country and can also leverage Malaysia in the short run. Among the other benefits Malaysia gains is the export of intermediate products. The United States can get electronic and electrical components directly from Malaysia and not get this product through China. At the same time Malaysia also exports electronic components to China that are used in producing products such as cell phones and computers. The clashes of these two countries opened up space for Malaysia to boost the country's export activity. Local exporters are advised to take advantage of e-commerce use to market products to China. In addition, this trade war also had a negative impact as many economic activities and companies outside the United States and China could be affected as supply chains and their income were interconnected. At the same time, it is vulnerable to the risk of volatile global economic growth rates. On November 15, 2018, the 33nd ASEAN Plus Summit (ASEAN + 3) Summit took place significant cooperation between the regional groups with three Asian economic giants - China, Japan and South Korea. Therefore, Malaysia needs to focus this move as it has the potential to reduce the share of trade between Malaysia and the United States.
Good information
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